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Some of them haven’t been ported to Python 3 yet. At least <a class="reference internal" href="#tkinter">Tkinter</a> and <a class="reference internal" href="#qt">Qt</a> are known to be Python 3-compatible.</p> <div class="section" id="tkinter"> <h3><a class="toc-backref" href="#id5">Tkinter</a><a class="headerlink" href="#tkinter" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3> <p>Standard builds of Python include an object-oriented interface to the Tcl/Tk widget set, called <a class="reference internal" href="../library/tk.html#tkinter"><span class="std std-ref">tkinter</span></a>. This is probably the easiest to install (since it comes included with most <a class="reference external" href="https://www.python.org/downloads/">binary distributions</a> of Python) and use. For more info about Tk, including pointers to the source, see the <a class="reference external" href="https://www.tcl.tk">Tcl/Tk home page</a>. Tcl/Tk is fully portable to the Mac OS X, Windows, and Unix platforms.</p> </div> <div class="section" id="wxwidgets"> <h3><a class="toc-backref" href="#id6">wxWidgets</a><a class="headerlink" href="#wxwidgets" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3> <p>wxWidgets (<a class="reference external" href="https://www.wxwidgets.org">https://www.wxwidgets.org</a>) is a free, portable GUI class library written in C++ that provides a native look and feel on a number of platforms, with Windows, Mac OS X, GTK, X11, all listed as current stable targets. Language bindings are available for a number of languages including Python, Perl, Ruby, etc.</p> <p><a class="reference external" href="https://www.wxpython.org">wxPython</a> is the Python binding for wxwidgets. While it often lags slightly behind the official wxWidgets releases, it also offers a number of features via pure Python extensions that are not available in other language bindings. There is an active wxPython user and developer community.</p> <p>Both wxWidgets and wxPython are free, open source, software with permissive licences that allow their use in commercial products as well as in freeware or shareware.</p> </div> <div class="section" id="qt"> <h3><a class="toc-backref" href="#id7">Qt</a><a class="headerlink" href="#qt" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3> <p>There are bindings available for the Qt toolkit (using either <a class="reference external" href="https://riverbankcomputing.com/software/pyqt/intro">PyQt</a> or <a class="reference external" href="https://wiki.qt.io/PySide">PySide</a>) and for KDE (<a class="reference external" href="https://techbase.kde.org/Languages/Python/Using_PyKDE_4">PyKDE4</a>). PyQt is currently more mature than PySide, but you must buy a PyQt license from <a class="reference external" href="https://www.riverbankcomputing.com/commercial/license-faq">Riverbank Computing</a> if you want to write proprietary applications. PySide is free for all applications.</p> <p>Qt 4.5 upwards is licensed under the LGPL license; also, commercial licenses are available from <a class="reference external" href="https://www.qt.io/licensing/">The Qt Company</a>.</p> </div> <div class="section" id="gtk"> <h3><a class="toc-backref" href="#id8">Gtk+</a><a class="headerlink" href="#gtk" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3> <p>The <a class="reference external" href="https://wiki.gnome.org/Projects/PyGObject">GObject introspection bindings</a> for Python allow you to write GTK+ 3 applications. There is also a <a class="reference external" href="https://python-gtk-3-tutorial.readthedocs.io">Python GTK+ 3 Tutorial</a>.</p> <p>The older PyGtk bindings for the <a class="reference external" href="https://www.gtk.org">Gtk+ 2 toolkit</a> have been implemented by James Henstridge; see <<a class="reference external" href="http://www.pygtk.org">http://www.pygtk.org</a>>.</p> </div> <div class="section" id="kivy"> <h3><a class="toc-backref" href="#id9">Kivy</a><a class="headerlink" href="#kivy" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3> <p><a class="reference external" href="https://kivy.org/">Kivy</a> is a cross-platform GUI library supporting both desktop operating systems (Windows, macOS, Linux) and mobile devices (Android, iOS). It is written in Python and Cython, and can use a range of windowing backends.</p> <p>Kivy is free and open source software distributed under the MIT license.</p> </div> <div class="section" id="fltk"> <h3><a class="toc-backref" href="#id10">FLTK</a><a class="headerlink" href="#fltk" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3> <p>Python bindings for <a class="reference external" href="http://www.fltk.org">the FLTK toolkit</a>, a simple yet powerful and mature cross-platform windowing system, are available from <a class="reference external" href="http://pyfltk.sourceforge.net">the PyFLTK project</a>.</p> </div> <div class="section" id="opengl"> <h3><a class="toc-backref" href="#id11">OpenGL</a><a class="headerlink" href="#opengl" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3> <p>For OpenGL bindings, see <a class="reference external" href="http://pyopengl.sourceforge.net">PyOpenGL</a>.</p> </div> </div> <div class="section" id="what-platform-specific-gui-toolkits-exist-for-python"> <h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id12">What platform-specific GUI toolkits exist for Python?</a><a class="headerlink" href="#what-platform-specific-gui-toolkits-exist-for-python" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2> <p>By installing the <a class="reference external" href="https://pypi.org/project/pyobjc/">PyObjc Objective-C bridge</a>, Python programs can use Mac OS X’s Cocoa libraries.</p> <p><a class="reference internal" href="windows.html#windows-faq"><span class="std std-ref">Pythonwin</span></a> by Mark Hammond includes an interface to the Microsoft Foundation Classes and a Python programming environment that’s written mostly in Python using the MFC classes.</p> </div> <div class="section" id="tkinter-questions"> <h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id13">Tkinter questions</a><a class="headerlink" href="#tkinter-questions" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2> <div class="section" id="how-do-i-freeze-tkinter-applications"> <h3><a class="toc-backref" href="#id14">How do I freeze Tkinter applications?</a><a class="headerlink" href="#how-do-i-freeze-tkinter-applications" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3> <p>Freeze is a tool to create stand-alone applications. When freezing Tkinter applications, the applications will not be truly stand-alone, as the application will still need the Tcl and Tk libraries.</p> <p>One solution is to ship the application with the Tcl and Tk libraries, and point to them at run-time using the <span class="target" id="index-0"></span><code class="xref std std-envvar docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">TCL_LIBRARY</span></code> and <span class="target" id="index-1"></span><code class="xref std std-envvar docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">TK_LIBRARY</span></code> environment variables.</p> <p>To get truly stand-alone applications, the Tcl scripts that form the library have to be integrated into the application as well. One tool supporting that is SAM (stand-alone modules), which is part of the Tix distribution (<a class="reference external" href="http://tix.sourceforge.net/">http://tix.sourceforge.net/</a>).</p> <p>Build Tix with SAM enabled, perform the appropriate call to <code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Tclsam_init()</span></code>, etc. inside Python’s <code class="file docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Modules/tkappinit.c</span></code>, and link with libtclsam and libtksam (you might include the Tix libraries as well).</p> </div> <div class="section" id="can-i-have-tk-events-handled-while-waiting-for-i-o"> <h3><a class="toc-backref" href="#id15">Can I have Tk events handled while waiting for I/O?</a><a class="headerlink" href="#can-i-have-tk-events-handled-while-waiting-for-i-o" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3> <p>On platforms other than Windows, yes, and you don’t even need threads! But you’ll have to restructure your I/O code a bit. Tk has the equivalent of Xt’s <code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">XtAddInput()</span></code> call, which allows you to register a callback function which will be called from the Tk mainloop when I/O is possible on a file descriptor. See <a class="reference internal" href="../library/tkinter.html#tkinter-file-handlers"><span class="std std-ref">File Handlers</span></a>.</p> </div> <div class="section" id="i-can-t-get-key-bindings-to-work-in-tkinter-why"> <h3><a class="toc-backref" href="#id16">I can’t get key bindings to work in Tkinter: why?</a><a class="headerlink" href="#i-can-t-get-key-bindings-to-work-in-tkinter-why" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3> <p>An often-heard complaint is that event handlers bound to events with the <code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">bind()</span></code> method don’t get handled even when the appropriate key is pressed.</p> <p>The most common cause is that the widget to which the binding applies doesn’t have “keyboard focus”. Check out the Tk documentation for the focus command. Usually a widget is given the keyboard focus by clicking in it (but not for labels; see the takefocus option).</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="sphinxsidebar" role="navigation" aria-label="main navigation"> <div class="sphinxsidebarwrapper"> <h3><a href="../contents.html">Table of Contents</a></h3> <ul> <li><a class="reference internal" href="#">Graphic User Interface FAQ</a><ul> <li><a class="reference internal" href="#general-gui-questions">General GUI Questions</a></li> <li><a class="reference internal" href="#what-platform-independent-gui-toolkits-exist-for-python">What platform-independent GUI toolkits exist for Python?</a></li> <li><a class="reference internal" href="#what-platform-specific-gui-toolkits-exist-for-python">What platform-specific GUI toolkits exist for Python?</a></li> <li><a class="reference internal" href="#tkinter-questions">Tkinter questions</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> <h4>Previous topic</h4> <p class="topless"><a href="windows.html" title="previous chapter">Python on Windows FAQ</a></p> <h4>Next topic</h4> <p class="topless"><a href="installed.html" title="next chapter">“Why is Python Installed on my Computer?” FAQ</a></p> <div role="note" aria-label="source link"> <h3>This Page</h3> <ul class="this-page-menu"> <li><a href="../bugs.html">Report a Bug</a></li> <li> <a href="https://github.com/python/cpython/blob/3.7/Doc/faq/gui.rst" rel="nofollow">Show Source </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="clearer"></div> </div> <div class="related" role="navigation" aria-label="related navigation"> <h3>Navigation</h3> <ul> <li class="right" style="margin-right: 10px"> <a href="../genindex.html" title="General Index" >index</a></li> <li class="right" > <a href="../py-modindex.html" title="Python Module Index" >modules</a> |</li> <li class="right" > <a href="installed.html" title="“Why is Python Installed on my Computer?” FAQ" >next</a> |</li> <li class="right" > <a href="windows.html" title="Python on Windows FAQ" >previous</a> |</li> <li><img src="../_static/py.png" alt="" style="vertical-align: middle; margin-top: -1px"/></li> <li><a href="https://www.python.org/">Python</a> »</li> <li> <span class="language_switcher_placeholder">en</span> <span class="version_switcher_placeholder">3.7.4</span> <a href="../index.html">Documentation </a> » </li> <li class="nav-item nav-item-1"><a href="index.html" >Python Frequently Asked Questions</a> »</li> <li class="right"> <div class="inline-search" style="display: none" role="search"> <form class="inline-search" action="../search.html" method="get"> <input placeholder="Quick search" type="text" name="q" /> <input type="submit" value="Go" /> <input type="hidden" name="check_keywords" value="yes" /> <input type="hidden" name="area" value="default" /> </form> </div> <script type="text/javascript">$('.inline-search').show(0);</script> | </li> </ul> </div> <div class="footer"> © <a href="../copyright.html">Copyright</a> 2001-2019, Python Software Foundation. <br /> The Python Software Foundation is a non-profit corporation. <a href="https://www.python.org/psf/donations/">Please donate.</a> <br /> Last updated on Jul 13, 2019. <a href="../bugs.html">Found a bug</a>? <br /> Created using <a href="http://sphinx.pocoo.org/">Sphinx</a> 2.0.1. </div> </body> </html>