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<div class="section" id="file-and-directory-access">
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<span id="filesys"></span><h1>File and Directory Access<a class="headerlink" href="#file-and-directory-access" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1>
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<p>The modules described in this chapter deal with disk files and directories. For
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example, there are modules for reading the properties of files, manipulating
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paths in a portable way, and creating temporary files. The full list of modules
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in this chapter is:</p>
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<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="pathlib.html"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pathlib</span></code> — Object-oriented filesystem paths</a><ul>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="pathlib.html#basic-use">Basic use</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="pathlib.html#pure-paths">Pure paths</a><ul>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="pathlib.html#operators">Operators</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="pathlib.html#concrete-paths">Concrete paths</a><ul>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="pathlib.html#correspondence-to-tools-in-the-os-module">Correspondence to tools in the <code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">os</span></code> module</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="os.path.html"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">os.path</span></code> — Common pathname manipulations</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="fileinput.html"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">fileinput</span></code> — Iterate over lines from multiple input streams</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="stat.html"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">stat</span></code> — Interpreting <code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">stat()</span></code> results</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="filecmp.html"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">filecmp</span></code> — File and Directory Comparisons</a><ul>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="filecmp.html#the-dircmp-class">The <code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">dircmp</span></code> class</a></li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="tempfile.html"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">tempfile</span></code> — Generate temporary files and directories</a><ul>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="tempfile.html#examples">Examples</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="tempfile.html#deprecated-functions-and-variables">Deprecated functions and variables</a></li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="glob.html"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">glob</span></code> — Unix style pathname pattern expansion</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="fnmatch.html"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">fnmatch</span></code> — Unix filename pattern matching</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="linecache.html"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">linecache</span></code> — Random access to text lines</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="shutil.html"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">shutil</span></code> — High-level file operations</a><ul>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="shutil.html#directory-and-files-operations">Directory and files operations</a><ul>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="shutil.html#querying-the-size-of-the-output-terminal">Querying the size of the output terminal</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="macpath.html"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">macpath</span></code> — Mac OS 9 path manipulation functions</a></li>
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<div class="admonition seealso">
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<p class="admonition-title">See also</p>
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<dl class="simple">
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<dt>Module <a class="reference internal" href="os.html#module-os" title="os: Miscellaneous operating system interfaces."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">os</span></code></a></dt><dd><p>Operating system interfaces, including functions to work with files at a
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lower level than Python <a class="reference internal" href="../glossary.html#term-file-object"><span class="xref std std-term">file objects</span></a>.</p>
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</dd>
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<dt>Module <a class="reference internal" href="io.html#module-io" title="io: Core tools for working with streams."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">io</span></code></a></dt><dd><p>Python’s built-in I/O library, including both abstract classes and
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some concrete classes such as file I/O.</p>
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</dd>
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<dt>Built-in function <a class="reference internal" href="functions.html#open" title="open"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">open()</span></code></a></dt><dd><p>The standard way to open files for reading and writing with Python.</p>
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