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<div class="section" id="module-aifc">
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<span id="aifc-read-and-write-aiff-and-aifc-files"></span><h1><a class="reference internal" href="#module-aifc" title="aifc: Read and write audio files in AIFF or AIFC format."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">aifc</span></code></a> — Read and write AIFF and AIFC files<a class="headerlink" href="#module-aifc" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1>
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<p><strong>Source code:</strong> <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/tree/3.7/Lib/aifc.py">Lib/aifc.py</a></p>
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<hr class="docutils" id="index-0" />
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<p>This module provides support for reading and writing AIFF and AIFF-C files.
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AIFF is Audio Interchange File Format, a format for storing digital audio
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samples in a file. AIFF-C is a newer version of the format that includes the
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ability to compress the audio data.</p>
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<p>Audio files have a number of parameters that describe the audio data. The
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sampling rate or frame rate is the number of times per second the sound is
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sampled. The number of channels indicate if the audio is mono, stereo, or
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quadro. Each frame consists of one sample per channel. The sample size is the
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size in bytes of each sample. Thus a frame consists of
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<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">nchannels</span> <span class="pre">*</span> <span class="pre">samplesize</span></code> bytes, and a second’s worth of audio consists of
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<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">nchannels</span> <span class="pre">*</span> <span class="pre">samplesize</span> <span class="pre">*</span> <span class="pre">framerate</span></code> bytes.</p>
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<p>For example, CD quality audio has a sample size of two bytes (16 bits), uses two
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channels (stereo) and has a frame rate of 44,100 frames/second. This gives a
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frame size of 4 bytes (2*2), and a second’s worth occupies 2*2*44100 bytes
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(176,400 bytes).</p>
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<p>Module <a class="reference internal" href="#module-aifc" title="aifc: Read and write audio files in AIFF or AIFC format."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">aifc</span></code></a> defines the following function:</p>
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<dl class="function">
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<dt id="aifc.open">
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<code class="descclassname">aifc.</code><code class="descname">open</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>file</em>, <em>mode=None</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#aifc.open" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
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<dd><p>Open an AIFF or AIFF-C file and return an object instance with methods that are
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described below. The argument <em>file</em> is either a string naming a file or a
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<a class="reference internal" href="../glossary.html#term-file-object"><span class="xref std std-term">file object</span></a>. <em>mode</em> must be <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">'r'</span></code> or <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">'rb'</span></code> when the file must be
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opened for reading, or <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">'w'</span></code> or <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">'wb'</span></code> when the file must be opened for writing.
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If omitted, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">file.mode</span></code> is used if it exists, otherwise <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">'rb'</span></code> is used. When
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used for writing, the file object should be seekable, unless you know ahead of
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time how many samples you are going to write in total and use
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<code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">writeframesraw()</span></code> and <code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">setnframes()</span></code>.
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The <a class="reference internal" href="#aifc.open" title="aifc.open"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">open()</span></code></a> function may be used in a <a class="reference internal" href="../reference/compound_stmts.html#with"><code class="xref std std-keyword docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">with</span></code></a> statement. When
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the <code class="xref std std-keyword docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">with</span></code> block completes, the <a class="reference internal" href="#aifc.aifc.close" title="aifc.aifc.close"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">close()</span></code></a> method is called.</p>
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<div class="versionchanged">
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<p><span class="versionmodified changed">Changed in version 3.4: </span>Support for the <a class="reference internal" href="../reference/compound_stmts.html#with"><code class="xref std std-keyword docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">with</span></code></a> statement was added.</p>
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</div>
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</dd></dl>
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<p>Objects returned by <a class="reference internal" href="#aifc.open" title="aifc.open"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">open()</span></code></a> when a file is opened for reading have the
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following methods:</p>
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<dl class="method">
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<dt id="aifc.aifc.getnchannels">
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<code class="descclassname">aifc.</code><code class="descname">getnchannels</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#aifc.aifc.getnchannels" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
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<dd><p>Return the number of audio channels (1 for mono, 2 for stereo).</p>
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</dd></dl>
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<dl class="method">
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<dt id="aifc.aifc.getsampwidth">
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<code class="descclassname">aifc.</code><code class="descname">getsampwidth</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#aifc.aifc.getsampwidth" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
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<dd><p>Return the size in bytes of individual samples.</p>
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</dd></dl>
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<dl class="method">
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<dt id="aifc.aifc.getframerate">
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<code class="descclassname">aifc.</code><code class="descname">getframerate</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#aifc.aifc.getframerate" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
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<dd><p>Return the sampling rate (number of audio frames per second).</p>
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</dd></dl>
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<dl class="method">
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<dt id="aifc.aifc.getnframes">
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<code class="descclassname">aifc.</code><code class="descname">getnframes</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#aifc.aifc.getnframes" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
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<dd><p>Return the number of audio frames in the file.</p>
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</dd></dl>
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<dl class="method">
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<dt id="aifc.aifc.getcomptype">
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<code class="descclassname">aifc.</code><code class="descname">getcomptype</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#aifc.aifc.getcomptype" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
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<dd><p>Return a bytes array of length 4 describing the type of compression
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used in the audio file. For AIFF files, the returned value is
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<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">b'NONE'</span></code>.</p>
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</dd></dl>
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<dl class="method">
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<dt id="aifc.aifc.getcompname">
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<code class="descclassname">aifc.</code><code class="descname">getcompname</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#aifc.aifc.getcompname" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
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<dd><p>Return a bytes array convertible to a human-readable description
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of the type of compression used in the audio file. For AIFF files,
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the returned value is <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">b'not</span> <span class="pre">compressed'</span></code>.</p>
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</dd></dl>
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<dl class="method">
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<dt id="aifc.aifc.getparams">
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<code class="descclassname">aifc.</code><code class="descname">getparams</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#aifc.aifc.getparams" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
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<dd><p>Returns a <a class="reference internal" href="collections.html#collections.namedtuple" title="collections.namedtuple"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">namedtuple()</span></code></a> <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">(nchannels,</span> <span class="pre">sampwidth,</span>
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<span class="pre">framerate,</span> <span class="pre">nframes,</span> <span class="pre">comptype,</span> <span class="pre">compname)</span></code>, equivalent to output of the
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<code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">get*()</span></code> methods.</p>
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</dd></dl>
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<dl class="method">
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<dt id="aifc.aifc.getmarkers">
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<code class="descclassname">aifc.</code><code class="descname">getmarkers</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#aifc.aifc.getmarkers" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
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<dd><p>Return a list of markers in the audio file. A marker consists of a tuple of
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three elements. The first is the mark ID (an integer), the second is the mark
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position in frames from the beginning of the data (an integer), the third is the
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name of the mark (a string).</p>
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</dd></dl>
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<dl class="method">
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<dt id="aifc.aifc.getmark">
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<code class="descclassname">aifc.</code><code class="descname">getmark</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>id</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#aifc.aifc.getmark" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
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<dd><p>Return the tuple as described in <a class="reference internal" href="#aifc.aifc.getmarkers" title="aifc.aifc.getmarkers"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">getmarkers()</span></code></a> for the mark with the given
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<em>id</em>.</p>
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</dd></dl>
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<dl class="method">
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<dt id="aifc.aifc.readframes">
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<code class="descclassname">aifc.</code><code class="descname">readframes</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>nframes</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#aifc.aifc.readframes" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
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<dd><p>Read and return the next <em>nframes</em> frames from the audio file. The returned
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data is a string containing for each frame the uncompressed samples of all
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channels.</p>
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</dd></dl>
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<dl class="method">
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<dt id="aifc.aifc.rewind">
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<code class="descclassname">aifc.</code><code class="descname">rewind</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#aifc.aifc.rewind" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
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<dd><p>Rewind the read pointer. The next <a class="reference internal" href="#aifc.aifc.readframes" title="aifc.aifc.readframes"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">readframes()</span></code></a> will start from the
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beginning.</p>
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</dd></dl>
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<dl class="method">
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<dt id="aifc.aifc.setpos">
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<code class="descclassname">aifc.</code><code class="descname">setpos</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>pos</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#aifc.aifc.setpos" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
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<dd><p>Seek to the specified frame number.</p>
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</dd></dl>
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<dl class="method">
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<dt id="aifc.aifc.tell">
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<code class="descclassname">aifc.</code><code class="descname">tell</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#aifc.aifc.tell" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
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<dd><p>Return the current frame number.</p>
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</dd></dl>
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<dl class="method">
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<dt id="aifc.aifc.close">
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<code class="descclassname">aifc.</code><code class="descname">close</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#aifc.aifc.close" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
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<dd><p>Close the AIFF file. After calling this method, the object can no longer be
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used.</p>
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</dd></dl>
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<p>Objects returned by <a class="reference internal" href="#aifc.open" title="aifc.open"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">open()</span></code></a> when a file is opened for writing have all the
|
||
above methods, except for <code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">readframes()</span></code> and <code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">setpos()</span></code>. In addition
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the following methods exist. The <code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">get*()</span></code> methods can only be called after
|
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the corresponding <code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">set*()</span></code> methods have been called. Before the first
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<code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">writeframes()</span></code> or <code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">writeframesraw()</span></code>, all parameters except for the
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number of frames must be filled in.</p>
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<dl class="method">
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<dt id="aifc.aifc.aiff">
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<code class="descclassname">aifc.</code><code class="descname">aiff</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#aifc.aifc.aiff" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
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<dd><p>Create an AIFF file. The default is that an AIFF-C file is created, unless the
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name of the file ends in <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">'.aiff'</span></code> in which case the default is an AIFF file.</p>
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</dd></dl>
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<dl class="method">
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<dt id="aifc.aifc.aifc">
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<code class="descclassname">aifc.</code><code class="descname">aifc</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#aifc.aifc.aifc" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
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<dd><p>Create an AIFF-C file. The default is that an AIFF-C file is created, unless
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the name of the file ends in <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">'.aiff'</span></code> in which case the default is an AIFF
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file.</p>
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</dd></dl>
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<dl class="method">
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<dt id="aifc.aifc.setnchannels">
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<code class="descclassname">aifc.</code><code class="descname">setnchannels</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>nchannels</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#aifc.aifc.setnchannels" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
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<dd><p>Specify the number of channels in the audio file.</p>
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</dd></dl>
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<dl class="method">
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<dt id="aifc.aifc.setsampwidth">
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<code class="descclassname">aifc.</code><code class="descname">setsampwidth</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>width</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#aifc.aifc.setsampwidth" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
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<dd><p>Specify the size in bytes of audio samples.</p>
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</dd></dl>
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<dl class="method">
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<dt id="aifc.aifc.setframerate">
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<code class="descclassname">aifc.</code><code class="descname">setframerate</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>rate</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#aifc.aifc.setframerate" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
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<dd><p>Specify the sampling frequency in frames per second.</p>
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</dd></dl>
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<dl class="method">
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<dt id="aifc.aifc.setnframes">
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<code class="descclassname">aifc.</code><code class="descname">setnframes</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>nframes</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#aifc.aifc.setnframes" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
|
||
<dd><p>Specify the number of frames that are to be written to the audio file. If this
|
||
parameter is not set, or not set correctly, the file needs to support seeking.</p>
|
||
</dd></dl>
|
||
|
||
<dl class="method">
|
||
<dt id="aifc.aifc.setcomptype">
|
||
<code class="descclassname">aifc.</code><code class="descname">setcomptype</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>type</em>, <em>name</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#aifc.aifc.setcomptype" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
|
||
<dd><p id="index-1">Specify the compression type. If not specified, the audio data will
|
||
not be compressed. In AIFF files, compression is not possible.
|
||
The name parameter should be a human-readable description of the
|
||
compression type as a bytes array, the type parameter should be a
|
||
bytes array of length 4. Currently the following compression types
|
||
are supported: <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">b'NONE'</span></code>, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">b'ULAW'</span></code>, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">b'ALAW'</span></code>, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">b'G722'</span></code>.</p>
|
||
</dd></dl>
|
||
|
||
<dl class="method">
|
||
<dt id="aifc.aifc.setparams">
|
||
<code class="descclassname">aifc.</code><code class="descname">setparams</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>nchannels</em>, <em>sampwidth</em>, <em>framerate</em>, <em>comptype</em>, <em>compname</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#aifc.aifc.setparams" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
|
||
<dd><p>Set all the above parameters at once. The argument is a tuple consisting of the
|
||
various parameters. This means that it is possible to use the result of a
|
||
<a class="reference internal" href="#aifc.aifc.getparams" title="aifc.aifc.getparams"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">getparams()</span></code></a> call as argument to <a class="reference internal" href="#aifc.aifc.setparams" title="aifc.aifc.setparams"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">setparams()</span></code></a>.</p>
|
||
</dd></dl>
|
||
|
||
<dl class="method">
|
||
<dt id="aifc.aifc.setmark">
|
||
<code class="descclassname">aifc.</code><code class="descname">setmark</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>id</em>, <em>pos</em>, <em>name</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#aifc.aifc.setmark" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
|
||
<dd><p>Add a mark with the given id (larger than 0), and the given name at the given
|
||
position. This method can be called at any time before <a class="reference internal" href="#aifc.aifc.close" title="aifc.aifc.close"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">close()</span></code></a>.</p>
|
||
</dd></dl>
|
||
|
||
<dl class="method">
|
||
<dt>
|
||
<code class="descclassname">aifc.</code><code class="descname">tell</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span></dt>
|
||
<dd><p>Return the current write position in the output file. Useful in combination
|
||
with <a class="reference internal" href="#aifc.aifc.setmark" title="aifc.aifc.setmark"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">setmark()</span></code></a>.</p>
|
||
</dd></dl>
|
||
|
||
<dl class="method">
|
||
<dt id="aifc.aifc.writeframes">
|
||
<code class="descclassname">aifc.</code><code class="descname">writeframes</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>data</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#aifc.aifc.writeframes" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
|
||
<dd><p>Write data to the output file. This method can only be called after the audio
|
||
file parameters have been set.</p>
|
||
<div class="versionchanged">
|
||
<p><span class="versionmodified changed">Changed in version 3.4: </span>Any <a class="reference internal" href="../glossary.html#term-bytes-like-object"><span class="xref std std-term">bytes-like object</span></a> is now accepted.</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</dd></dl>
|
||
|
||
<dl class="method">
|
||
<dt id="aifc.aifc.writeframesraw">
|
||
<code class="descclassname">aifc.</code><code class="descname">writeframesraw</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>data</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#aifc.aifc.writeframesraw" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
|
||
<dd><p>Like <a class="reference internal" href="#aifc.aifc.writeframes" title="aifc.aifc.writeframes"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">writeframes()</span></code></a>, except that the header of the audio file is not
|
||
updated.</p>
|
||
<div class="versionchanged">
|
||
<p><span class="versionmodified changed">Changed in version 3.4: </span>Any <a class="reference internal" href="../glossary.html#term-bytes-like-object"><span class="xref std std-term">bytes-like object</span></a> is now accepted.</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</dd></dl>
|
||
|
||
<dl class="method">
|
||
<dt>
|
||
<code class="descclassname">aifc.</code><code class="descname">close</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span></dt>
|
||
<dd><p>Close the AIFF file. The header of the file is updated to reflect the actual
|
||
size of the audio data. After calling this method, the object can no longer be
|
||
used.</p>
|
||
</dd></dl>
|
||
|
||
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|
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