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<div class="section" id="graphical-user-interfaces-with-tk">
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<span id="tkinter"></span><h1>Graphical User Interfaces with Tk<a class="headerlink" href="#graphical-user-interfaces-with-tk" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1>
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<p id="index-0">Tk/Tcl has long been an integral part of Python. It provides a robust and
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platform independent windowing toolkit, that is available to Python programmers
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using the <a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.html#module-tkinter" title="tkinter: Interface to Tcl/Tk for graphical user interfaces"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">tkinter</span></code></a> package, and its extension, the <a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.tix.html#module-tkinter.tix" title="tkinter.tix: Tk Extension Widgets for Tkinter"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">tkinter.tix</span></code></a> and
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the <a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.ttk.html#module-tkinter.ttk" title="tkinter.ttk: Tk themed widget set"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">tkinter.ttk</span></code></a> modules.</p>
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<p>The <a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.html#module-tkinter" title="tkinter: Interface to Tcl/Tk for graphical user interfaces"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">tkinter</span></code></a> package is a thin object-oriented layer on top of Tcl/Tk. To
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use <a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.html#module-tkinter" title="tkinter: Interface to Tcl/Tk for graphical user interfaces"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">tkinter</span></code></a>, you don’t need to write Tcl code, but you will need to
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consult the Tk documentation, and occasionally the Tcl documentation.
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<a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.html#module-tkinter" title="tkinter: Interface to Tcl/Tk for graphical user interfaces"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">tkinter</span></code></a> is a set of wrappers that implement the Tk widgets as Python
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classes. In addition, the internal module <code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">_tkinter</span></code> provides a threadsafe
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mechanism which allows Python and Tcl to interact.</p>
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<p><a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.html#module-tkinter" title="tkinter: Interface to Tcl/Tk for graphical user interfaces"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">tkinter</span></code></a>’s chief virtues are that it is fast, and that it usually comes
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bundled with Python. Although its standard documentation is weak, good
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material is available, which includes: references, tutorials, a book and
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others. <a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.html#module-tkinter" title="tkinter: Interface to Tcl/Tk for graphical user interfaces"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">tkinter</span></code></a> is also famous for having an outdated look and feel,
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which has been vastly improved in Tk 8.5. Nevertheless, there are many other
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GUI libraries that you could be interested in. For more information about
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alternatives, see the <a class="reference internal" href="othergui.html#other-gui-packages"><span class="std std-ref">Other Graphical User Interface Packages</span></a> section.</p>
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<div class="toctree-wrapper compound">
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<ul>
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<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.html"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">tkinter</span></code> — Python interface to Tcl/Tk</a><ul>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.html#tkinter-modules">Tkinter Modules</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.html#tkinter-life-preserver">Tkinter Life Preserver</a><ul>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.html#how-to-use-this-section">How To Use This Section</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.html#a-simple-hello-world-program">A Simple Hello World Program</a></li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.html#a-very-quick-look-at-tcl-tk">A (Very) Quick Look at Tcl/Tk</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.html#mapping-basic-tk-into-tkinter">Mapping Basic Tk into Tkinter</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.html#how-tk-and-tkinter-are-related">How Tk and Tkinter are Related</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.html#handy-reference">Handy Reference</a><ul>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.html#setting-options">Setting Options</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.html#the-packer">The Packer</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.html#packer-options">Packer Options</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.html#coupling-widget-variables">Coupling Widget Variables</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.html#the-window-manager">The Window Manager</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.html#tk-option-data-types">Tk Option Data Types</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.html#bindings-and-events">Bindings and Events</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.html#the-index-parameter">The index Parameter</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.html#images">Images</a></li>
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</ul>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.html#file-handlers">File Handlers</a></li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.ttk.html"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">tkinter.ttk</span></code> — Tk themed widgets</a><ul>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.ttk.html#using-ttk">Using Ttk</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.ttk.html#ttk-widgets">Ttk Widgets</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.ttk.html#widget">Widget</a><ul>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.ttk.html#standard-options">Standard Options</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.ttk.html#scrollable-widget-options">Scrollable Widget Options</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.ttk.html#label-options">Label Options</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.ttk.html#compatibility-options">Compatibility Options</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.ttk.html#widget-states">Widget States</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.ttk.html#ttk-widget">ttk.Widget</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.ttk.html#combobox">Combobox</a><ul>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.ttk.html#options">Options</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.ttk.html#ttk-combobox">ttk.Combobox</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.ttk.html#spinbox">Spinbox</a><ul>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.ttk.html#id1">Options</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.ttk.html#id2">Virtual events</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.ttk.html#ttk-spinbox">ttk.Spinbox</a></li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.ttk.html#notebook">Notebook</a><ul>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.ttk.html#id3">Options</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.ttk.html#tab-options">Tab Options</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.ttk.html#tab-identifiers">Tab Identifiers</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.ttk.html#id4">Virtual Events</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.ttk.html#ttk-notebook">ttk.Notebook</a></li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.ttk.html#progressbar">Progressbar</a><ul>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.ttk.html#id5">Options</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.ttk.html#ttk-progressbar">ttk.Progressbar</a></li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.ttk.html#separator">Separator</a><ul>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.ttk.html#id6">Options</a></li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.ttk.html#sizegrip">Sizegrip</a><ul>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.ttk.html#platform-specific-notes">Platform-specific notes</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.ttk.html#bugs">Bugs</a></li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.ttk.html#treeview">Treeview</a><ul>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.ttk.html#id7">Options</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.ttk.html#item-options">Item Options</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.ttk.html#tag-options">Tag Options</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.ttk.html#column-identifiers">Column Identifiers</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.ttk.html#id8">Virtual Events</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.ttk.html#ttk-treeview">ttk.Treeview</a></li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.ttk.html#ttk-styling">Ttk Styling</a><ul>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.ttk.html#layouts">Layouts</a></li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.tix.html"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">tkinter.tix</span></code> — Extension widgets for Tk</a><ul>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.tix.html#using-tix">Using Tix</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.tix.html#tix-widgets">Tix Widgets</a><ul>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.tix.html#basic-widgets">Basic Widgets</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.tix.html#file-selectors">File Selectors</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.tix.html#hierarchical-listbox">Hierarchical ListBox</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.tix.html#tabular-listbox">Tabular ListBox</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.tix.html#manager-widgets">Manager Widgets</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.tix.html#image-types">Image Types</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.tix.html#miscellaneous-widgets">Miscellaneous Widgets</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.tix.html#form-geometry-manager">Form Geometry Manager</a></li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.tix.html#tix-commands">Tix Commands</a></li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.scrolledtext.html"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">tkinter.scrolledtext</span></code> — Scrolled Text Widget</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="idle.html">IDLE</a><ul>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="idle.html#menus">Menus</a><ul>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="idle.html#file-menu-shell-and-editor">File menu (Shell and Editor)</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="idle.html#edit-menu-shell-and-editor">Edit menu (Shell and Editor)</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="idle.html#format-menu-editor-window-only">Format menu (Editor window only)</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="idle.html#run-menu-editor-window-only">Run menu (Editor window only)</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="idle.html#shell-menu-shell-window-only">Shell menu (Shell window only)</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="idle.html#debug-menu-shell-window-only">Debug menu (Shell window only)</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="idle.html#options-menu-shell-and-editor">Options menu (Shell and Editor)</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="idle.html#window-menu-shell-and-editor">Window menu (Shell and Editor)</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="idle.html#help-menu-shell-and-editor">Help menu (Shell and Editor)</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="idle.html#context-menus">Context Menus</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="idle.html#editing-and-navigation">Editing and navigation</a><ul>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="idle.html#editor-windows">Editor windows</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="idle.html#key-bindings">Key bindings</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="idle.html#automatic-indentation">Automatic indentation</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="idle.html#completions">Completions</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="idle.html#text-colors">Text colors</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="idle.html#startup-and-code-execution">Startup and code execution</a><ul>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="idle.html#command-line-usage">Command line usage</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="idle.html#startup-failure">Startup failure</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="idle.html#running-user-code">Running user code</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="idle.html#user-output-in-shell">User output in Shell</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="idle.html#developing-tkinter-applications">Developing tkinter applications</a></li>
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