Add mipmaps to texture creation pipeline

src/devicelibrary.cpp

@@ -285,7 +285,7 @@ namespace device_libs {
     vkDestroySwapchainKHR(Global::device, Global::swapChain, nullptr);
     if(Global::enableValidationLayers) std::cout << "Destroyed Swap Chain safely\n" << std::endl;   
   }
-  VkImageView DeviceControl::createImageView(VkImage image, VkFormat format, VkImageAspectFlags flags) {
+  VkImageView DeviceControl::createImageView(VkImage image, VkFormat format, VkImageAspectFlags flags, uint32_t mipLevels) {
     // This defines the parameters of a newly created image object!
     VkImageViewCreateInfo viewInfo{};
     viewInfo.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_IMAGE_VIEW_CREATE_INFO;
@@ -297,6 +297,7 @@ namespace device_libs {
     viewInfo.subresourceRange.levelCount = 1;
     viewInfo.subresourceRange.baseArrayLayer = 0;
     viewInfo.subresourceRange.layerCount = 1;
+    viewInfo.subresourceRange.levelCount = mipLevels;
 
     VkImageView imageView;
     if (vkCreateImageView(Global::device, &viewInfo, nullptr, &imageView) != VK_SUCCESS) {
@@ -309,7 +310,7 @@ namespace device_libs {
     swapChainImageViews.resize(swapChainImages.size());
 
     for (uint32_t i = 0; i < swapChainImages.size(); i++) {
-        swapChainImageViews[i] = createImageView(swapChainImages[i], swapChainImageFormat, VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT);
+        swapChainImageViews[i] = createImageView(swapChainImages[i], swapChainImageFormat, VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT, 1);
     }
   }
   void DeviceControl::destroyImageViews() {

src/devicelibrary.h

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ class DeviceControl {
       static void destroySurface(VkInstance& instance);
       static void createSwapChain(GLFWwindow* window);
       static void destroySwapChain();
-      static VkImageView createImageView(VkImage image, VkFormat format, VkImageAspectFlags flags);
+      static VkImageView createImageView(VkImage image, VkFormat format, VkImageAspectFlags flags, uint32_t mipLevels);
       static void createImageViews();
       static void destroyImageViews();
       static void createCommandPool();

src/graphics/buffers.cpp

@@ -203,9 +203,9 @@ namespace buffers_libs {
     ubo.model = glm::rotate(glm::mat4(1.0f), time * glm::radians(30.0f), glm::vec3(0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f));
     // Modify the view transformation to look at the object from above at a 45 degree angle.
     // This takes the eye position, center position, and the up direction.
-    ubo.view = glm::lookAt(glm::vec3(2.0f, 2.0f, 3.0f), glm::vec3(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f), glm::vec3(0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f));
+    ubo.view = glm::lookAt(glm::vec3(2.0f, 2.0f*time, 2.0f), glm::vec3(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.5f), glm::vec3(0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f));
     // 45 degree field of view, set aspect ratio, and near and far clipping range.
-    ubo.proj = glm::perspective(glm::radians(45.0f), device_libs::DeviceControl::getSwapChainExtent().width / (float) device_libs::DeviceControl::getSwapChainExtent().height, 0.1f, 10.0f);
+    ubo.proj = glm::perspective(glm::radians(45.0f), device_libs::DeviceControl::getSwapChainExtent().width / (float) device_libs::DeviceControl::getSwapChainExtent().height, 0.1f, 100.0f);
     
     // GLM was created for OpenGL, where the Y coordinate was inverted. This simply flips the sign.
     ubo.proj[1][1] *= -1;
@@ -285,3 +285,4 @@ namespace buffers_libs {
     vkDestroyDescriptorPool(Global::device, descriptorPool, nullptr);
   }
 }
+

src/graphics/texture.cpp

@@ -1,7 +1,10 @@
+#include <cstdint>
+#include <vulkan/vulkan_core.h>
 #define STB_IMAGE_IMPLEMENTATION
 #include <stb/stb_image.h>
 #include "texture.h"
 
+uint32_t mipLevels;
 
 VkImage textureImage;
 VkDeviceMemory textureImageMemory;
@@ -9,7 +12,7 @@ VkPipelineStageFlags sourceStage;
 VkPipelineStageFlags destinationStage;
 
 namespace texture_libs {
-  void createImage(uint32_t width, uint32_t height, VkFormat format, VkImageTiling tiling, VkImageUsageFlags usage, VkMemoryPropertyFlags properties, VkImage& image, VkDeviceMemory& imageMemory) {
+  void createImage(uint32_t width, uint32_t height, uint32_t mipLevels, VkFormat format, VkImageTiling tiling, VkImageUsageFlags usage, VkMemoryPropertyFlags properties, VkImage& image, VkDeviceMemory& imageMemory) {
     // This function specifies all the data in an image object, this is called directly after the creation of an image object.
     VkImageCreateInfo imageInfo{};
     imageInfo.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_IMAGE_CREATE_INFO;
@@ -25,6 +28,7 @@ namespace texture_libs {
     imageInfo.usage = usage;
     imageInfo.samples = VK_SAMPLE_COUNT_1_BIT;
     imageInfo.sharingMode = VK_SHARING_MODE_EXCLUSIVE;
+    imageInfo.mipLevels = mipLevels;
 
     if (vkCreateImage(Global::device, &imageInfo, nullptr, &image) != VK_SUCCESS) {
       throw std::runtime_error("failed to create image!");
@@ -90,7 +94,7 @@ namespace texture_libs {
 
     endSingleTimeCommands(commandBuffer);
   }
-  void transitionImageLayout(VkImage image, VkFormat format, VkImageLayout oldLayout, VkImageLayout newLayout) {
+  void transitionImageLayout(VkImage image, VkFormat format, VkImageLayout oldLayout, VkImageLayout newLayout, uint32_t mipLevels) {
     // This function handles transitioning image layout data from one layout to another.
     VkCommandBuffer commandBuffer = beginSingleTimeCommands();
 
@@ -104,7 +108,7 @@ namespace texture_libs {
     barrier.image = image;
     barrier.subresourceRange.aspectMask = VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT;
     barrier.subresourceRange.baseMipLevel = 0;
-    barrier.subresourceRange.levelCount = 1;
+    barrier.subresourceRange.levelCount = mipLevels;
     barrier.subresourceRange.baseArrayLayer = 0;
     barrier.subresourceRange.layerCount = 1;
 
@@ -175,16 +179,102 @@ void copyBufferToImage(VkBuffer buffer, VkImage image, uint32_t width, uint32_t
     }
     throw std::runtime_error("failed to find supported depth buffering format!");
   } 
-
   bool hasStencilComponent(VkFormat format) {
     return format == VK_FORMAT_D32_SFLOAT_S8_UINT || format == VK_FORMAT_D24_UNORM_S8_UINT;
   }
+  void generateMipmaps(VkImage image, VkFormat imageFormat, int32_t textureWidth, int32_t textureHeight, uint32_t mipLevels) {
+    // Check if image format supports linear blitting
+    VkFormatProperties formatProperties;
+    vkGetPhysicalDeviceFormatProperties(Global::physicalDevice, imageFormat, &formatProperties);
+
+    if (!(formatProperties.optimalTilingFeatures & VK_FORMAT_FEATURE_SAMPLED_IMAGE_FILTER_LINEAR_BIT)) {
+      throw std::runtime_error("texture image format does not support linear blitting!");
+    }
+
+    VkCommandBuffer commandBuffer = beginSingleTimeCommands();
+    
+    // Specify the parameters of an image memory barrier
+    VkImageMemoryBarrier barrier{};
+    barrier.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_IMAGE_MEMORY_BARRIER;
+    barrier.image = image;
+    barrier.srcQueueFamilyIndex = VK_QUEUE_FAMILY_IGNORED;
+    barrier.dstQueueFamilyIndex = VK_QUEUE_FAMILY_IGNORED;
+    barrier.subresourceRange.aspectMask = VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT;
+    barrier.subresourceRange.baseArrayLayer = 0;
+    barrier.subresourceRange.layerCount = 1;
+    barrier.subresourceRange.levelCount = 1;
+
+    int32_t mipWidth = textureWidth;    
+    int32_t mipHeight = textureHeight;
+    
+    for(uint32_t mip = 1; mip < mipLevels; mip++) {
+      barrier.subresourceRange.baseMipLevel = mip - 1;
+      barrier.oldLayout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_TRANSFER_DST_OPTIMAL;
+      barrier.newLayout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_TRANSFER_SRC_OPTIMAL;
+      barrier.srcAccessMask =  VK_ACCESS_TRANSFER_WRITE_BIT;
+      barrier.dstAccessMask = VK_ACCESS_TRANSFER_READ_BIT;
+      
+      vkCmdPipelineBarrier(commandBuffer, 
+        VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT, 0,
+        0, nullptr,
+        0, nullptr,
+        1, &barrier);
+
+      VkImageBlit blit{};
+      blit.srcOffsets[0] = { 0, 0, 0 };
+      blit.srcOffsets[1] = { mipWidth, mipHeight, 1 };
+      blit.srcSubresource.aspectMask = VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT;
+      blit.srcSubresource.mipLevel = mip - 1;
+      blit.srcSubresource.baseArrayLayer = 0;
+      blit.srcSubresource.layerCount = 1;
+      blit.dstOffsets[0] = { 0, 0, 0 };
+      blit.dstOffsets[1] = { mipWidth > 1 ? mipWidth / 2 : 1, mipHeight > 1 ? mipHeight / 2 : 1, 1 };
+      blit.dstSubresource.aspectMask = VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT;
+      blit.dstSubresource.mipLevel = mip;
+      blit.dstSubresource.baseArrayLayer = 0;
+      blit.dstSubresource.layerCount = 1;
+
+      vkCmdBlitImage(commandBuffer, 
+        image, VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_TRANSFER_SRC_OPTIMAL,
+        image, VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_TRANSFER_DST_OPTIMAL,
+        1, &blit, VK_FILTER_LINEAR);
+
+      barrier.oldLayout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_TRANSFER_SRC_OPTIMAL;
+      barrier.newLayout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_SHADER_READ_ONLY_OPTIMAL;
+      barrier.srcAccessMask = VK_ACCESS_TRANSFER_READ_BIT;
+      barrier.dstAccessMask = VK_ACCESS_SHADER_READ_BIT;
+
+      vkCmdPipelineBarrier(commandBuffer,
+        VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_FRAGMENT_SHADER_BIT, 0,
+        0, nullptr,
+        0, nullptr,
+        1, &barrier);
+
+      if (mipWidth > 1) mipWidth /= 2;
+      if (mipHeight > 1) mipHeight /= 2;
+    }
+    barrier.subresourceRange.baseMipLevel = mipLevels - 1;
+    barrier.oldLayout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_TRANSFER_DST_OPTIMAL;
+    barrier.newLayout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_SHADER_READ_ONLY_OPTIMAL;
+    barrier.srcAccessMask = VK_ACCESS_TRANSFER_WRITE_BIT;
+    barrier.dstAccessMask = VK_ACCESS_SHADER_READ_BIT;
+
+    vkCmdPipelineBarrier(commandBuffer,
+      VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_FRAGMENT_SHADER_BIT, 0,
+      0, nullptr,
+      0, nullptr,
+      1, &barrier);
+
+    endSingleTimeCommands(commandBuffer);
+    
+  }
 // -------------------------------- Image Libraries ------------------------------- //
   void Texture::createTextureImage() {
     // Import pixels from image with data on color channels, width and height, and colorspace!
     // Its a lot of kind of complicated memory calls to bring it from a file -> to a buffer -> to a image object.
     int textureWidth, textureHeight, textureChannels;
     stbi_uc* pixels = stbi_load(Global::TEXTURE_PATH.c_str(), &textureWidth, &textureHeight, &textureChannels, STBI_rgb_alpha);
+    mipLevels = static_cast<uint32_t>(std::floor(std::log2(std::max(textureWidth, textureHeight)))) + 1;
 
     VkDeviceSize imageSize = textureWidth * textureHeight * 4;
 
@@ -202,18 +292,19 @@ void copyBufferToImage(VkBuffer buffer, VkImage image, uint32_t width, uint32_t
 
     stbi_image_free(pixels);
 
-    createImage(textureWidth, textureHeight, VK_FORMAT_R8G8B8A8_SRGB, VK_IMAGE_TILING_OPTIMAL, VK_IMAGE_USAGE_TRANSFER_DST_BIT | VK_IMAGE_USAGE_SAMPLED_BIT, VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_DEVICE_LOCAL_BIT, textureImage, textureImageMemory);
+    createImage(textureWidth, textureHeight, mipLevels, VK_FORMAT_R8G8B8A8_SRGB, VK_IMAGE_TILING_OPTIMAL, VK_IMAGE_USAGE_TRANSFER_SRC_BIT | VK_IMAGE_USAGE_TRANSFER_DST_BIT | VK_IMAGE_USAGE_SAMPLED_BIT, VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_DEVICE_LOCAL_BIT, textureImage, textureImageMemory);
 
-    transitionImageLayout(textureImage, VK_FORMAT_R8G8B8A8_SRGB, VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_UNDEFINED, VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_TRANSFER_DST_OPTIMAL);
+    transitionImageLayout(textureImage, VK_FORMAT_R8G8B8A8_SRGB, VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_UNDEFINED, VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_TRANSFER_DST_OPTIMAL, mipLevels);
     copyBufferToImage(stagingBuffer, textureImage, static_cast<uint32_t>(textureWidth), static_cast<uint32_t>(textureHeight));
-    transitionImageLayout(textureImage, VK_FORMAT_R8G8B8A8_SRGB, VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_TRANSFER_DST_OPTIMAL, VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_SHADER_READ_ONLY_OPTIMAL);
 
     vkDestroyBuffer(Global::device, stagingBuffer, nullptr);
     vkFreeMemory(Global::device, stagingBufferMemory, nullptr);
+
+    generateMipmaps(textureImage, VK_FORMAT_R8G8B8A8_SRGB, textureWidth, textureHeight, mipLevels);
   }
   void Texture::createTextureImageView() {
     // Create a texture image view, which is a struct of information about the image.
-    Global::textureImageView = device_libs::DeviceControl::createImageView(textureImage, VK_FORMAT_R8G8B8A8_SRGB, VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT);
+    Global::textureImageView = device_libs::DeviceControl::createImageView(textureImage, VK_FORMAT_R8G8B8A8_SRGB, VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT, mipLevels);
   }
   void Texture::createTextureSampler() {
     // Create a sampler to access and parse the texture object.
@@ -251,7 +342,7 @@ void copyBufferToImage(VkBuffer buffer, VkImage image, uint32_t width, uint32_t
     samplerInfo.mipmapMode = VK_SAMPLER_MIPMAP_MODE_LINEAR;
     samplerInfo.mipLodBias = 0.0f;
     samplerInfo.minLod = 0.0f;
-    samplerInfo.maxLod = 0.0f;
+    samplerInfo.maxLod = VK_LOD_CLAMP_NONE;
 
     if (vkCreateSampler(Global::device, &samplerInfo, nullptr, &Global::textureSampler) != VK_SUCCESS) {
         throw std::runtime_error("failed to create texture sampler!");
@@ -275,11 +366,15 @@ void copyBufferToImage(VkBuffer buffer, VkImage image, uint32_t width, uint32_t
   void Texture::createDepthResources() {
     VkFormat depthFormat = findDepthFormat();
     VkExtent2D swapChainExtent = device_libs::DeviceControl::getSwapChainExtent();
-    createImage(swapChainExtent.width, swapChainExtent.height, depthFormat, VK_IMAGE_TILING_OPTIMAL, VK_IMAGE_USAGE_DEPTH_STENCIL_ATTACHMENT_BIT, VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_DEVICE_LOCAL_BIT, Global::depthImage, Global::depthImageMemory);
+    createImage(swapChainExtent.width, swapChainExtent.height, 1, depthFormat, VK_IMAGE_TILING_OPTIMAL, VK_IMAGE_USAGE_DEPTH_STENCIL_ATTACHMENT_BIT, VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_DEVICE_LOCAL_BIT, Global::depthImage, Global::depthImageMemory);
-    Global::depthImageView = device_libs::DeviceControl::createImageView(Global::depthImage, depthFormat, VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_DEPTH_BIT);
+    Global::depthImageView = device_libs::DeviceControl::createImageView(Global::depthImage, depthFormat, VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_DEPTH_BIT, 1);
     // Explicit transition from the layout of the image to the depth attachment is unnecessary here, since that will be handled in the render pass!
     
     
     
+  }
+// ---------------------------- Getters & Setters ---------------------------------// 
+  uint32_t Texture::getMipLevels() {
+    return mipLevels;
   }
 }

src/graphics/texture.h

@@ -13,5 +13,8 @@ namespace texture_libs {
       static void destroyTextureSampler();
       static VkFormat findDepthFormat();
       static void createDepthResources();
+      
+      // ------------ Getters & Setters ------------ // 
+      static uint32_t getMipLevels();
   };
 }

src/shaders/fragment.frag

@@ -7,5 +7,6 @@ layout(location = 1) in vec2 fragTexCoord;
 layout(location = 0) out vec4 outColor;
 
 void main() {
+
   outColor = vec4(texture(texSampler, fragTexCoord).rgb, 1.0);
 }

src/shaders/vertex.vert

@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ layout(location = 0) out vec3 fragColor;
 layout(location = 1) out vec2 fragTexCoord;
 
 void main() {
+    
     gl_Position = ubo.proj * ubo.view * ubo.model * vec4(inPosition, 1.0);
     fragColor = inColor;
     fragTexCoord = inTexCoord;