Update documentation and clean code for Uniform Buffers, added time variable to descriptor set, preparing for Texture mapping.

Flowgraph.puml

@@ -77,13 +77,20 @@ partition "**DeviceControl**" {
   end note
 }
 
+:**Graphics**::createRenderPass(...);
+note right
+  This is pretty simple, it sets up the image bit depth 
+  and the color bit depth! Basically, the format of the
+  displayed images, simple, but important!
+end note
+:**Buffers**::createDescriptorSetLayout();
+note right 
+  This function creates a table of pointers to the stored
+  data that we want, in this case it would be pointing to 
+  pre-programmed model view and projection values, and 
+  a time variable.
+end note
 partition "**Graphics**" {
-  :createRenderPass(...);
-  note right
-    This is pretty simple, it sets up the image bit depth 
-    and the color bit depth! Basically, the format of the
-    displayed images, simple, but important!
-  end note
   :createGraphicsPipeline(...);
   note right
     This is a complex function that goes through every 
@@ -116,6 +123,28 @@ partition "**Buffers**" {
     at corners to triangulate. this saves cycles at 
     scale, complex objects rejoice!
   end note
+  :createUniformBuffer();
+  note right
+    Map the buffer data to memory (The struct) as a pointer
+    we can use this as a reference of where to write data to 
+    when the fence lets us write data.
+    (see **recordCommandBuffer()**).
+  end note
+  :createDescriptorPool();
+  note right
+    Here we create a pool to manage the memory and allocate
+    space for the descriptor sets! Very useful and the same 
+    structure as command buffers & pools.
+  end note
+  :createDescriptorSetLayout();
+  note right
+    //Descriptor set **layouts** specify the types of resources accessible//
+    //by the graphical pipeline. A descriptor set is the actual buffer//
+    //or resource that gets bound to descriptors and passed in.//
+    These differ from Vertex & Index buffers, as they are not unique
+    to the graphics pipeline. Specification of compute vs. graphics is 
+    therefore necessary. (see **createDescriptorSets()**)
+  end note
 }
 :Graphics::createCommandBuffer();
 note right 

src/entrypoint.cpp

@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
 #include "entrypoint.h"
-#include "global.h"
 DeviceControl::devicelibrary deviceLibs;
 Debug::vulkandebuglibs debugController;
 Graphics::graphicspipeline graphicsPipeline;

src/entrypoint.h

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 #include "debug/vulkandebuglibs.h"
 #include "graphics/graphicspipeline.h"
 #include "graphics/render.h"
+#include "global.h"
 class EntryApp {
   public: 
     static EntryApp& getInstance();

src/global.h

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 #include <glm/detail/qualifier.hpp>
 #include <glm/ext/vector_float2.hpp>
 #include <glm/ext/vector_float3.hpp>
+#include <glm/fwd.hpp>
 #include <iostream>
 #include <vector>
 #include <optional>
@@ -29,11 +30,11 @@ namespace Global {
   extern VkDescriptorSetLayout descriptorSetLayout;
   extern uint32_t currentFrame;
   extern std::vector<VkDescriptorSet> descriptorSets;
-
   struct UniformBufferObject {
-    glm::mat4 model;
+    float time;
-    glm::mat4 view;
+    alignas(16) glm::mat4 model;
-    glm::mat4 proj;
+    alignas(16) glm::mat4 view;
+    alignas(16) glm::mat4 proj;
   };
   struct Vertex {
     glm::vec2 pos;

src/graphics/buffers.cpp

@@ -165,7 +165,7 @@ namespace Buffers {
   std::vector<uint16_t> bufferslibrary::getIndices() {
     return indices;
   }
-  
+// ------------------------------ Uniform Buffer Setup -------------------------------- //
   void bufferslibrary::createDescriptorSetLayout() {
     // Create a table of pointers to data, a Descriptor Set!
     VkDescriptorSetLayoutBinding uboLayoutBinding{};
@@ -187,10 +187,9 @@ namespace Buffers {
       throw std::runtime_error("Failed to create descriptor set layout!");
     }
   }
-  //void createMVPDescriptor() {
-    
-  //}
   void bufferslibrary::createUniformBuffers() {
+    // Map the uniform buffer to memory as a pointer we can use to write data to later. This stays mapped to memory for the applications lifetime.
+    // This technique is called "persistent mapping", not having to map the buffer every time we need to update it increases performance, though not free
     VkDeviceSize bufferSize = sizeof(Global::UniformBufferObject);
     
     uniformBuffers.resize(Global::MAX_FRAMES_IN_FLIGHT);
@@ -203,12 +202,16 @@ namespace Buffers {
     }
   }
   void bufferslibrary::updateUniformBuffer(uint32_t currentImage) {
+    // Update the uniform buffer every frame to change the position, but notably, use chrono to know exactly how much to move 
+    // so we aren't locked to the framerate as the world time.
+
     static auto startTime = std::chrono::high_resolution_clock::now();
     // Calculate the time in seconds since rendering has began to floating point precision.
     auto currentTime = std::chrono::high_resolution_clock::now();
     float time = std::chrono::duration<float, std::chrono::seconds::period>(currentTime - startTime).count();
 
     Global::UniformBufferObject ubo{};
+    ubo.time = time;
     // Modify the model projection transformation to rotate around the Z over time.
     ubo.model = glm::rotate(glm::mat4(1.0f), time * glm::radians(90.0f), glm::vec3(0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f));
     // Modify the view transformation to look at the object from above at a 45 degree angle.
@@ -229,6 +232,7 @@ namespace Buffers {
     }
   }
   void bufferslibrary::createDescriptorPool() {
+    // Create a pool to be used to allocate descriptor sets.
     VkDescriptorPoolSize poolSize{};
     poolSize.type = VK_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE_UNIFORM_BUFFER;
     poolSize.descriptorCount = static_cast<uint32_t>(Global::MAX_FRAMES_IN_FLIGHT);

src/graphics/graphicspipeline.cpp

@@ -238,7 +238,8 @@ namespace Graphics {
     }
   }
   void graphicspipeline::createCommandPool() {
-
+    // Commands in Vulkan are not executed using function calls, you have to record the ops you wish to perform 
+    // to command buffers, pools manage the memory used by the buffer!
     Global::QueueFamilyIndices queueFamilyIndices = Global::findQueueFamilies(Global::physicalDevice);
 
     VkCommandPoolCreateInfo poolInfo{};

src/shaders/vertex.vert

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 #version 450
 
 layout(binding = 0) uniform UniformBufferObject {
+    float time;
     mat4 model;
     mat4 view;
     mat4 proj;
@@ -14,6 +15,5 @@ layout(location = 0) out vec3 fragColor;
 
 void main() {
     gl_Position = ubo.proj * ubo.view * ubo.model * vec4(inPosition, 0.0, 1.0);
-    fragColor = inColor;
+    fragColor = inColor + sin(ubo.time*2);
 }
-